Women

Women in Science

The transformative power of science, technology, and innovation (STI) lies at the heart of solving global challenges such as eradicating poverty, combating climate change, promoting gender equality, and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Yet, women’s contributions to these areas are significantly underutilized, with systemic and structural barriers limiting their participation.

For instance, women represent only 30% of researchers globally, and their representation in higher-paying and leadership roles within STEM fields remains disproportionately low.

Women’s health was a central theme, recognizing significant disparities in medical research, healthcare delivery, and policy-making. The summit emphasized that closing gender gaps in health research is essential for sustainable development and global well-being.

The Science Summit sessions during the UN General Assembly highlighted the critical role of women in advancing STI and achieving sustainable development. Discussions centered on how entrenched cultural norms, inadequate policy support, and lack of resources stifle women’s potential.

Programs such as CAPAWIC (Career Advancement Program for African Women in Cleantech) and the African Futures Research Leadership Program showcased how targeted interventions can create opportunities for women to thrive in science, technology, and innovation.

In relation to Health, Women are often underrepresented and inadequately considered in medical and public health research and health care delivery around the world. Disparities have been documented for women across disease states and life stages that touch every race, ethnicity, geographic location, and socioeconomic status. Gaps in care, fewer scientific advancements, and insufficient research funding lead to worse health outcomes for women, which impact their involvement in their families, society, and the economy.

Addressing the gaps that perpetuate gender inequities and prevent women from living high quality, healthy lives hinges on rigorous and reproducible research to address sex and gender differences in health and disease.

Unfortunately, the investment in such research is grossly inadequate and disproportionate to the disease and economic burdens associated with conditions that significantly affect women.

Historically, women have been systemically and systematically excluded from participating in clinical trials, and they continue to be underrepresented in science production – from academic and leadership positions to policy decision-making.

For sustainable inclusion of women’s health into global health, international policy, and the SDGs, stakeholders must leverage domestic and international connections and collaborations to develop the necessary evidence base, secure funding, scale individual efforts, and disseminate resources that promote women’s health and gender equality.

Objectives

The sessions collectively sought to advance the following key objectives:

1. Promoting Gender Equality in STEM: This entails implementing systemic changes in education, workplace policies, and organizational cultures to remove barriers and biases. The goal is to increase women’s participation and representation in STEM fields globally, particularly in leadership positions.
2. Strengthening Women-Led Innovations: Special focus was placed on supporting women entrepreneurs in cleantech by addressing funding disparities and systemic biases within the entrepreneurial ecosystem.
3. Fostering Collaboration and Mentorship: Creating networks and partnerships among institutions, governments, and NGOs to provide women with access to mentorship, skill-building opportunities, and resources.
4. Championing Policy and Cultural Shifts: Advocacy efforts aim to reshape cultural perceptions and institutional policies to better accommodate and promote women’s roles in STI.
5. Addressing Structural Inequalities: Recognizing and dismantling systemic inequities that prevent women from advancing in STEM, particularly in developing regions.
6. Recognize the importance of incorporating women’s health across the lifespan in global health and international policy and when measuring successful implementation and advancement towards One Health. Investing in women’s health can lift up communities and unlock benefits for all members of society

7. Connect and collaborate with partners from diverse backgrounds, including government, academia, industry, and civil society, to forge partnerships to advance women’s health.
8. Identify key opportunities to advance women’s health research, care, and policy development at both national and international levels by leveraging scientific evidence.
9. Facilitate collaboration among stakeholders from government, academia, industry, and civil society to promote gender equity in healthcare, encourage interdisciplinary partnerships, and enhance knowledge-sharing.
10. Secure investments and commitments to integrate women’s unique health needs into SDG-aligned strategies, ensuring a long-term focus on equity in health research and access to care.

Implementing the SDGs

Women’s Unique Health Needs and the Sustainable Development Goals

Ru-fong Joanne Cheng, MD, FACOG, from Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation addressed the unique challenges women face over their life course due to biological sex differences and gender-related influences on health and disease, compounded by the lack of investment into women’s health across the globe. It also highlighted gender gaps in research and how women have been historically marginalized in the research and development (R&D) industry.

The session concluded with recommendations for targeted investments and commitments to advance women’s health in the SDGs and create an equitable R&D ecosystem.

Transitioning Women’s Health from Treatment to Prevention

Capt. Aisha K. Brooks, DNP, MPH, RN, FAAN, from US. Public Health Service focused on the critical shift from treatment to prevention in women’s health. Speakers discussed how health care leaders, both domestically and globally, can better position themselves to provide preventive care for diseases that disproportionately affect women and the key role that publicly funded healthcare systems can play in promoting wellness for its citizens.

Panellists agreed that true preventive care requires not only access to innovative and effective medical care (such as vaccines) but also a deep understanding of the lived experience of women.

Anuradha Gupta from Sabin Vaccine Institute focused on the critical shift from treatment to prevention in women’s health. Speakers discussed how health care leaders, both domestically and globally, can better position themselves to provide preventive care for diseases that disproportionately affect women and the key role that publicly funded healthcare systems can play in promoting wellness for its citizens. Panellists agreed that true preventive care requires not only access to innovative and effective medical care (such as vaccines) but also a deep understanding of the lived experience of women.

Rachel Sturke, PhD, MPH, MIA from Fogarty International Center focused on the critical shift from treatment to prevention in women’s health. Speakers discussed how health care leaders, both domestically and globally, can better position themselves to provide preventive care for diseases that disproportionately affect women and the key role that publicly funded healthcare systems can play in promoting wellness for its citizens.

Panellists agreed that true preventive care requires not only access to innovative and effective medical care (such as vaccines) but also a deep understanding of the lived experience of women.

White House Initiative for Women’s Health Research

Mala Adiga, JD, MPH from Office of the First Lady, White House Office outlined the United States President Joe Biden’s Executive Order on Advancing Women’s Health Research and Innovation and progress made toward this federal call to action. The speaker noted agency commitments to the White House initiative, including $100 million for the Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H) Sprint for Women’s Health, a $200 million increased investment by the National Institutes of Health to close gaps in women’s health research across the lifespan, and a $500 million pledge from the Department of Defense’s research portfolio.

The session emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary and cross-sector collaborations to address women’s health disparities in the United States and internationally.

Ensuring Accountability: Women in Research, Health Care, and Policy Leadership

In this session, leaders with first-hand experience in science policy presented how they gathered and utilized data to ensure that federal priorities include a focus on advancing research and policies surrounding diseases and conditions that disproportionately or uniquely affect women.

The presentations overviewed the process of developing policies that ensure accountability, rigor, and transparency in women’s health research, particularly into the role of sex and gender in health and disease. The session also highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary, collaborative research and increasing diversity across the biomedical workforce.

Speakers: Janine Austin Clayton, MD, FARVO from National Institutes of Health, Carolyn Harris, UK Parliament

Perspectives from Women Leaders in Women’s Health Session report

This panel session highlighted the challenges and opportunities to championing women’s health – particularly the impact of women’s health on society, economy, and culture. It also discussed the integral role of women in health care policy and decision-making and provided guidance to assist other women navigate leadership roles in often male-dominated science and policy spaces.

Eleanor Nwadinobi, MBBS, EMA, FAAC, Medical Women’s International Association

Michele Barry, MD, FACP Stanford University

Strengthening the Maternal Health Workforce

This roundtable session overviewed current gaps and challenges facing the maternal health workforce. The speakers discussed ways to diversify training and professional pathways into maternal health to maximize workforce participation, highlighting potential opportunities to expand the workforce and meet women’s health needs.

The session also investigated issues surrounding workplace safety and violence prevention for the health workforce.

This roundtable session overviewed current gaps and challenges facing the maternal health workforce. The speakers discussed ways to diversify training and professional pathways into maternal health to maximize workforce participation, highlighting potential opportunities to expand the workforce and meet women’s health needs. The session also investigated issues surrounding workplace safety and violence prevention for the health workforce.

Speakers: 

Marleen Temmerman, MBS, MD, MPH, PhD from The Aga Khan University

Elizabeth Battaglino, RN-C, HealthyWomen

Role of FemTech in the Women’s Health Care Ecosystem

This roundtable session examined the rise in technological innovation for addressing women’s health issues. Speakers discussed implementing FemTech solutions across different economic settings, regulatory policy and practices, the pace of innovation, and the innovation ecosystem.

The session also highlighted the role of communities, women leaders, insurers, and regulators, and stressed the need to address gender bias in health tech founding, funding, data collection, and solutions to improve women’s health outcomes.

Speakers: 

Janna Guinen from HLTH Foundation

Jess Guenzl, 137 Ventures

Mitzi Krockover, MD   WomenCentered, LLC

Irene Aninye, PhD, Society for Women’s Health Research

Nicole Althaus, ECHAlliance, The Global Health Connector

Magdalena Skipper, PhD Springer Nature, Session Moderator

Increasing Research Funding and Policy Reforms

• Dr. Ru-fong Joanne Cheng (Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation) stressed the need for substantial financial commitments to women’s health research. She emphasized that funding should be aligned with the actual disease burden and that systematic policy reforms should ensure that research and healthcare initiatives are gender-inclusive.
• Mala Adiga (White House Office) outlined key U.S. federal initiatives supporting women’s health research, including a $500 million investment by the Department of Defense. She highlighted new policies aimed at integrating sex-based research into national health strategies.

Shifting Focus from Treatment to Prevention

• Capt. Aisha K. Brooks (U.S. Public Health Service) argued that a proactive approach, prioritizing prevention over treatment, is crucial for improving women’s health outcomes. She advocated for comprehensive wellness programs, improved access to vaccines, and lifestyle interventions designed to address women’s unique healthcare needs.
• Dr. Janine Austin Clayton (NIH) highlighted how a lack of gender-based medical research results in inadequate care for women. She called for integrating sex- and gender-based analyses into all federally funded medical research to ensure evidence-based, effective treatments.

Advancing Technological Innovations for Women’s Health

• Dr. Jess Guenzl (137 Ventures) explored the transformative role of FemTech in revolutionizing healthcare for women. She presented case studies of digital health applications, wearable technologies, and AI-driven diagnostics that have the potential to bridge healthcare gaps and improve early disease detection.
• Dr. Janna Guinen (HLTH Foundation) addressed the regulatory challenges that FemTech startups face. She advocated for clearer policy frameworks that encourage innovation while ensuring consumer protection and data security in the women’s health technology sector.

Ensuring Equity in Healthcare Leadership and Decision-Making

• Dr. Carolyn Harris (UK Parliament) and Dr. Michele Barry (Stanford University) emphasized the need for greater female representation in medical research, policy-making, and leadership roles. They discussed barriers that prevent women from attaining leadership positions and proposed mentorship programs and institutional reforms to correct these imbalances.
• Dr. Eleanor Nwadinobi (Medical Women’s International Association) discussed the impact of gender-diverse leadership in healthcare, arguing that increasing female participation in decision-making leads to more inclusive, effective health policies and practices.

Women Projects presented at the Science Summit

The Science Summit UNGA featured a diverse range of speakers who presented impactful examples of women’s contributions to science, technology, and innovation (STI), as well as initiatives aimed at closing gender gaps in these fields. Below is an expanded list of key examples:

Women-Led Cleantech Innovations

1. Ndiarka Mbodji, Founder and CEO of Kowry Energy:
   • Presentation Focus: Showcased how her company, Kowry Energy, advances clean energy access in underserved African communities while promoting women’s leadership in renewable energy sectors.
   • Key Contribution: Emphasized the importance of supporting women entrepreneurs in cleantech to address energy poverty and drive sustainability【7†source】.
2. Norah Magero, Co-Founder and CEO of Drop Access:
   • Presentation Focus: Highlighted Drop Access’s innovative approaches to providing affordable and sustainable energy solutions, specifically for rural communities.
   • Key Contribution: Demonstrated the role of women in engineering sustainable technologies tailored to underserved regions【7†source】.
3. Glory Oguegbu, Founder and CEO of Renewable Energy Technology Training Institute (RETTI):
   • Presentation Focus: Discussed the significance of training programs that empower African women with skills in renewable energy technology.
   • Key Contribution: Showcased RETTI’s initiatives in building a pipeline of skilled women professionals in renewable energy.

Policy and Institutional Change

1. Barnabas Nawangwe, Vice Chancellor, Makerere University:
   • Presentation Focus: Shared strategies and policies implemented at Makerere University to support the recruitment, retention, and career advancement of women in STEM.
   • Key Contribution: Highlighted Makerere University’s gender-inclusive policies as a model for institutional change in higher education.
2. Michèle Mbo’o-Tchouawou, Deputy Director, AWARD (African Women in Agricultural Research and Development):
   • Presentation Focus: Presented AWARD’s programs that integrate gender-responsive practices into agricultural research and development in Africa.
   • Key Contribution: Demonstrated how gender-responsive research practices empower women researchers and strengthen their roles in addressing food security and sustainable development.

Global Leadership and Networking Initiatives

1. Dr. Teresa K. Woodruff, Research Foundation Professor, Michigan State University:
   • Presentation Focus: Delivered a keynote address emphasizing institutional accountability, visibility for women in STEM, and sustainable support systems.
   • Key Contribution: Advocated for dismantling systemic barriers and implementing sustainable programs to empower women in science globally.
2. Jose Jackson-Malete, Alliance for African Partnership, Michigan State University:
   • Presentation Focus: Presented the African Futures Research Leadership Program, which supports early-career women researchers through funding, mentorship, and professional development.
   • Key Contribution: Made a compelling call to action for scaling up partnerships to create a significant impact across Africa.

Grassroots and Advocacy Efforts

1. Dr. Ezinne Kalu, Sure Smiles Women and Children Advocacy Initiative:
   • Presentation Focus: Discussed strategies to eliminate gender inequalities and empower women as active participants in STEM careers.
   • Key Contribution: Provided actionable recommendations for creating supportive ecosystems for women in STEM, highlighting its economic and social benefits.
2. Faiza Abdulrahim, Sure Smiles Women and Children Advocacy Initiative:
   • Presentation Focus: Traced the historical progression of gender inequality in professional careers and proposed strategies for overcoming these barriers.
   • Key Contribution: Advocated for enhanced educational outreach and systemic reforms to empower women and girls in STEM fields.

Regional and Sectoral Impact

1. Evelyn Gitau, Science for Africa Foundation:
   • Presentation Focus: Discussed how African and global funders are reshaping the funding landscape to support women researchers.
   • Key Contribution: Highlighted success stories of funding initiatives tailored to empower women and their critical role in tackling Africa’s pressing challenges through science.
2. Pulane Mswela, University of Botswana:
   • Presentation Focus: Showcased the role of academies and women’s organizations in advancing female scholars in Botswana and Africa.
   • Key Contribution: Highlighted the Botswana Academy of Science and its efforts to foster career advancement for women in science.
3. Lorenza Fluks, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa:
   • Presentation Focus: Explained how the Science Granting Councils initiative integrates gender inclusivity into research and strengthens capacities to support equitable evidence-based policies.
   • Key Contribution: Provided examples of gender-responsive research funding practices advancing STI in Africa.

Education and Workforce Development

1. Amaka Fez Jessica, Sure Smiles Women and Children Advocacy Initiative:
   • Presentation Focus: Identified systemic barriers in STEM education for women and girls, from early childhood to professional careers.
   • Key Contribution: Emphasized the need for addressing stereotypes, improving confidence in mathematics and science, and creating gender-sensitive educational systems.
2. Reginald Yaw Ansu-Koranteng, Program Manager, CAPAWIC:
   • Presentation Focus: Moderated discussions on creating opportunities for African women in clean energy sectors through training and networking initiatives.
   • Key Contribution: Highlighted CAPAWIC’s efforts in training over 300 women in renewable energy technologies across 20 African countries.

Strengthening the Maternal Health Workforce 

Dr. Eleanor Nwadinobi (Medical Women’s International Association) outlined the urgent need to expand training programs for maternal health providers, particularly in underserved regions.

She highlighted innovative workforce training models and safety measures to protect healthcare workers, ensuring a more sustainable and resilient maternal healthcare system.

Women in Research and Leadership

Dr. Carolyn Harris (UK Parliament) and Dr. Michele Barry (Stanford University) delved into systemic barriers preventing women from attaining leadership roles in medical research and policy. They proposed initiatives such as mentorship programs, gender-responsive policies, and research grants tailored to support women-led scientific endeavors. Discussions also focused on strategies to elevate women’s voices in decision-making positions within the healthcare industry.

FemTech Innovations for Women’s Health 

Dr. Janna Guinen (HLTH Foundation) presented technological advancements addressing gaps in women’s healthcare, such as AI-driven diagnostics, mobile health applications, and wearable health monitoring devices.

She emphasized the importance of ensuring equitable access to these technologies, particularly for women in low-resource settings. Regulatory frameworks, funding challenges, and opportunities for scaling FemTech solutions were also discussed.

Advancing Global Women’s Health Initiatives

Several collaborative projects were introduced, showcasing how cross-border research and partnerships can improve health outcomes for women globally. Topics included improving reproductive health education, expanding access to contraceptives, and addressing non-communicable diseases that disproportionately affect women.

Intersection of Climate Change and Women’s Health

A key area of focus was the impact of climate change on women’s health, including increased exposure to infectious diseases, food insecurity, and extreme weather conditions affecting maternal and neonatal health. Panelists emphasized the importance of integrating climate resilience strategies into women’s healthcare initiatives.

These presentations collectively emphasized the importance of collaboration, mentorship, policy reform, and targeted funding to empower women in STEM. The speakers’ diverse perspectives provided actionable insights into how gender equity can transform science and technology while driving sustainable development goals globally.

Goals

Achieve gender equality in medical research and healthcare delivery by promoting diversity in clinical trials and research leadership.

Increase investment in women’s health research, ensuring that funding aligns with the disease burden and unmet medical needs of women.

Foster interdisciplinary collaborations across healthcare sectors, academic institutions, and policymakers to drive systemic change in women’s health policies.

Achieving Gender Parity in STEM

The sessions emphasized the urgent need to close the gender gap in STEM fields by promoting equitable access to education, professional development, and leadership roles. Specific objectives under this goal include:

• Increasing Representation: Advocate for gender-balanced representation in STEM fields across academia, industry, and government sectors.
• Early Intervention: Develop programs targeting girls in primary and secondary schools to encourage interest in STEM through tailored curriculums and mentorship.
• Breaking Cultural Barriers: Address entrenched stereotypes and cultural norms that dissuade girls and women from pursuing STEM careers.

Key initiatives such as the African Futures Research Leadership Program, highlighted by Jose Jackson-Malete, have demonstrated the potential to change the demographic makeup of research by building a pipeline for women from education to leadership role.

Enhancing Women’s Leadership in Innovation

Promoting women as leaders and entrepreneurs in innovation sectors, particularly cleantech, was a recurring theme. The sessions called for:

• Supporting Women Entrepreneurs: Expand financial access through gender-lens investing, ensuring funding mechanisms prioritize women-led initiatives.
• Encouraging Cleantech Innovations: Equip women entrepreneurs with technical skills and business acumen to lead sustainable energy projects.
• Showcasing Role Models: Highlight successful women entrepreneurs, such as Ndiarka Mbodji of Kowry Energy and Norah Magero of Drop Access, to inspire others.

This goal aligns with SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) by leveraging women-led innovations to expand energy access in underserved communities.

Scaling Collaborative Models

The Summit emphasized that collaboration across sectors and regions is vital to achieving gender equity in STEM. Goals include:

• Building Global Partnerships: Facilitate connections between governments, academic institutions, NGOs, and private sectors to pool resources and knowledge.
• Establishing Mentorship Networks: Create systems where experienced professionals mentor early-career women, providing guidance, support, and opportunities.
• Fostering International Alliances: Initiatives like CAPAWIC and the Science Granting Councils Initiative serve as examples of how regional and international collaborations can amplify impact by sharing best practices and resources.

Integrating Gender-Responsive Policies

Structural barriers often hinder women’s progress in STEM. To address these, the sessions advocated for:

• Institutional Accountability: Enforce policies that mandate gender equity in hiring, funding, and promotions in academia and industry.
• Transparent Funding Mechanisms: Ensure that funding agencies prioritize diversity and provide equitable access to women researchers and innovators.
• Inclusive Education Policies: Reform educational systems to incorporate gender-sensitive training, reduce biases, and build confidence in STEM subjects for girls and women.

Speakers such as Barnabas Nawangwe of Makerere University illustrated how institutional policies have successfully increased the representation of women in STEM fields.

Empowering Women to Address Global Challenges

Women are uniquely positioned to drive solutions for global challenges, particularly in areas like clean energy and climate action. Specific goals include:

• Addressing Climate Change: Support women-led cleantech solutions that mitigate environmental impacts and promote sustainable energy practices.
• Promoting Circular Economies: Encourage women innovators to design products and systems aligned with circular economy principles, reducing waste and maximizing resource efficiency.
• Engaging Women in Policy Discussions: Involve women leaders in decision-making processes to ensure their perspectives are represented in policy development.

This aligns with the broader goals of SDG 13 (Climate Action) by integrating gender perspectives into environmental sustainability efforts.

Accelerating Progress Toward the SDGs

The sessions underscored the centrality of gender equality in achieving all SDGs. Goals include:

• Direct Impact on SDG 5 (Gender Equality): Empower women and girls through education, economic participation, and leadership opportunities.
• Strengthen SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities): Tackle systemic barriers that limit women’s access to opportunities in STEM, ensuring inclusivity and equity.
• Synergy with SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy): Harness women-led innovations to expand access to sustainable energy, particularly in underserved communities.

Creating Long-Term Impact Through Metrics and Evaluation

A critical goal is to establish measurable outcomes and accountability systems to ensure the success of gender equity initiatives. Proposed actions include:

• Developing Metrics for Success: Track progress through indicators such as the percentage of women in leadership roles, funding allocated to women-led projects, and representation in STEM fields.
• Regular Monitoring and Reporting: Require organizations and governments to publicly report their progress on gender equity goals.
• Adapting Strategies: Use data-driven insights to refine policies and programs, ensuring they remain effective and relevant.

Speakers like Dr. Teresa Woodruff emphasized the importance of institutional accountability and visibility to sustain progress over time.

Contribution to the SDGs

The discussions and initiatives highlighted during the Science Summit were deeply aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), showcasing how gender equality in STEM directly and indirectly supports multiple global objectives. Below is an expanded exploration of the specific SDGs addressed:

SDG 5: Gender Equality

The pursuit of gender equality was a central theme across all sessions, focusing on empowering women and girls to achieve their full potential in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Key contributions included:

• Closing the Gender Gap in STEM: Programs like the African Futures Research Leadership Program and CAPAWIC (Career Advancement Program for African Women in Cleantech) have trained over 300 women, helping them break barriers in traditionally male-dominated industries like renewable energy and academic research.
• Increasing Representation: Discussions led by Dr. Teresa Woodruff and Barnabas Nawangwe highlighted institutional policies aimed at increasing the recruitment, retention, and progression of women in STEM education and careers.
• Empowering Women Entrepreneurs: The stories of women leaders like Ndiarka Mbodji of Kowry Energy and Norah Magero of Drop Access demonstrated how empowering women entrepreneurs drives both gender equality and innovation in clean energy sectors.

SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy

Women-led initiatives in clean technology and renewable energy directly contribute to ensuring universal access to affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy. Specific examples include:

• Kowry Energy’s Renewable Solutions: Ndiarka Mbodji showcased how her company promotes energy independence in African communities while prioritizing sustainability.
• Training in Renewable Energy: Organizations like RETTI (Renewable Energy Technology Training Institute) are equipping women with the skills needed to lead in renewable energy sectors, which is critical for achieving energy equity and sustainability.
• Expanding Clean Energy Access: Programs like CAPAWIC emphasize empowering women to design and deploy renewable energy solutions, addressing the energy needs of underserved communities while contributing to climate goals.

SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities

Gender equity initiatives directly address systemic barriers that create inequalities within and among countries. The sessions focused on reducing disparities in access to education, funding, and leadership opportunities. Contributions include:

• Promoting Inclusive Education: Speakers like Amaka Fez Jessica and Dr. Ezinne Kalu stressed the need to address gender stereotypes in STEM education and create supportive environments for women and girls.
• Advancing Equity in Funding: Evelyn Gitau, from the Science for Africa Foundation, discussed how targeted funding mechanisms are changing the landscape for women researchers and innovators, ensuring more equitable access to financial resources.
• Breaking Systemic Barriers: By addressing structural inequalities in academia and industry, programs like the African Futures Research Leadership Program foster long-term inclusivity.

SDG 4: Quality Education

Education is a cornerstone for achieving gender equality in STEM. The sessions showcased efforts to provide inclusive and equitable education for women and girls:

• STEM Outreach for Girls: Panelists emphasized the importance of early STEM education and mentorship programs tailored to inspire confidence and interest in science among girls.
• Bridging the Confidence Gap: Initiatives highlighted by Amaka Fez Jessica identified key barriers, such as mathematics anxiety and gender biases, and proposed interventions to help girls excel in STEM from an early age.

SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth

Empowering women in STEM contributes significantly to economic growth and innovation. Women entrepreneurs and professionals drive economic development through new ideas and businesses, particularly in sectors like clean energy and technology:

• Economic Empowerment through Innovation: Women-led startups in cleantech, such as those highlighted by Ndiarka Mbodji and Norah Magero, demonstrate how supporting women in business can create jobs and boost local economies.
• Fostering Inclusive Workplaces: Institutional reforms, like those implemented at Makerere University under the leadership of Barnabas Nawangwe, ensure women have equal opportunities for career advancement in STEM fields.

SDG 13: Climate Action

The role of women in addressing climate change was prominently discussed, particularly through their leadership in sustainable energy and cleantech:

• Women-Led Climate Solutions: Women-led initiatives in renewable energy, such as those from CAPAWIC and Kowry Energy, contribute directly to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable practices.
• Innovations in Sustainability: Programs like RETTI train women to lead in renewable energy sectors, equipping them to address climate challenges through innovative solutions.

SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals

Collaboration and partnerships were identified as critical for advancing gender equality in STEM:

• Global and Regional Partnerships: Initiatives like the African Futures Research Leadership Program and the Science Granting Councils Initiative demonstrated the value of fostering global partnerships to share resources, knowledge, and best practices.
• Cross-Sector Collaboration: Partnerships between academic institutions, NGOs, and private sectors, such as those led by AWARD and Science for Africa Foundation, enable scalable and impactful interventions.

Holistic Impact Across SDGs

While the initiatives and programs highlighted at the Summit were aligned with specific SDGs, their contributions have a cascading effect across multiple goals. For example:

• Gender Equality (SDG 5) enhances access to education (SDG 4), which in turn drives economic growth (SDG 8) and reduces inequalities (SDG 10).
• Sustainable Energy Initiatives (SDG 7) support climate action (SDG 13) while addressing energy poverty in underserved regions, contributing to social equity and economic development.

By addressing these SDGs holistically, the sessions illustrated that empowering women in STEM is not only a critical component of sustainable development but also a catalyst for transformative progress across economic, social, and environmental dimensions. These contributions underscore the interconnectedness of the SDGs and the essential role of gender equality in achieving global sustainability by 2030.

Economic, Social, and Environmental Impact

The inclusion and empowerment of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields produce wide-ranging economic, social, and environmental benefits. The initiatives and discussions presented during the Science Summit showcased how breaking gender barriers in STEM not only addresses inequality but also catalyzes innovation and sustainable development across multiple dimensions.

Economic Impact

1. Boosting Global and Regional GDP: Closing gender gaps in STEM can significantly enhance economic productivity. Studies indicate that regions addressing gender disparities can see up to a 27% increase in GDP due to the improved participation of women in the workforce. Programs like the African Futures Research Leadership Program have demonstrated how empowering women in academia and research creates more inclusive and innovative economies.
2. Driving Entrepreneurship: Women-led startups, particularly in cleantech and renewable energy, contribute to job creation and economic diversification. For example, Ndiarka Mbodji, CEO of Kowry Energy, shared how her company supports energy independence and economic empowerment in underserved African regions.
3. Expanding Financial Inclusion: Initiatives that promote gender-lens investing, such as those discussed by Evelyn Gitau from the Science for Africa Foundation, ensure that women entrepreneurs receive equitable funding opportunities. These investments enable women to scale their businesses and contribute meaningfully to economic growth.

Social Impact

1. Advancing Gender Equality: The empowerment of women in STEM directly challenges societal stereotypes and entrenched gender norms. Programs like CAPAWIC (Career Advancement Program for African Women in Cleantech) provide training and networking opportunities to over 300 women, fostering confidence and breaking barriers to leadership.
2. Strengthening Community Leadership: Women in STEM often take on leadership roles within their communities, inspiring the next generation. Speakers like Dr. Teresa Woodruff emphasized the importance of visibility and mentorship in encouraging young women to pursue careers in science and technology.
3. Reducing Inequalities: Addressing systemic barriers in education, employment, and funding reduces societal inequalities. For example, the Science Granting Councils Initiative in Africa is building institutional capacity to support gender-responsive research and equitable policies, creating long-term social transformation.
4. Improving Quality of Life: Women-led innovations in cleantech, like those spearheaded by Glory Oguegbu of RETTI, provide sustainable energy solutions that improve living conditions in rural and underserved areas.

Environmental Impact

1. Promoting Renewable Energy: Women-led initiatives are pivotal in advancing renewable energy technologies that address climate change and reduce carbon footprints. For instance, CAPAWIC trains women in solar, wind, and biomass energy, enabling them to contribute directly to sustainable energy transitions in Africa.
2. Advancing Circular Economy Practices: Women entrepreneurs often prioritize sustainability and resource efficiency. Programs like those led by Michèle Mbo’o-Tchouawou from AWARD incorporate gender-responsive practices in agriculture and sustainability, reducing environmental degradation while promoting equitable development.
3. Addressing Climate Change: Women in cleantech are not only innovators but also advocates for sustainable practices. Their leadership ensures that environmental solutions consider diverse perspectives, promoting inclusivity and long-term viability. For example, Kowry Energy and Drop Access deliver sustainable energy solutions to underserved communities, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and supporting climate goals.

Integrated Impact

The economic, social, and environmental benefits of empowering women in STEM are interconnected:

• Economic Growth Drives Social Inclusion: As women gain financial independence and leadership roles in STEM, they reinvest in their communities, promoting education, health, and equity.  Enhanced investment in women’s health research leads to long-term cost savings in healthcare, increases workforce productivity, and boosts economic growth.
• Social Equity Enhances Environmental Advocacy: Women-led initiatives often emphasize environmental sustainability, creating solutions that benefit both their communities and the planet. Addressing disparities in women’s health improves overall societal well-being, reduces mortality rates, and promotes social equity.
• Environmental Sustainability Fuels Economic Prosperity: Cleantech and renewable energy industries provide economic opportunities while addressing pressing environmental challenges. Sustainable healthcare policies focusing on women’s health contribute to global sustainability efforts, including climate resilience and environmental protection.

The contributions of women in STEM create a ripple effect across the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. Programs discussed during the Science Summit demonstrate the transformative power of inclusivity, highlighting the need for continued investment in gender-responsive policies, funding, and training. By scaling these efforts, stakeholders can ensure that women are not only participants but leaders in driving global progress.

Impact on the 2030 Agenda

Programs and initiatives discussed at the Summit contribute significantly to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by integrating the principles of inclusivity, gender equality, and sustainability. CAPAWIC’s work in training and networking over 300 women in cleantech aligns with the principles of leaving no one behind. Similarly, the African Futures Research Leadership Program demonstrates the importance of creating pipelines for women researchers to advance their careers, ultimately transforming research landscapes across Africa. By promoting education, innovation, and inclusive policies, these initiatives ensure that women play a central role in achieving global sustainability.

The summit’s discussions emphasized gender-responsive healthcare policies that align with the principle of leaving no one behind. Integrating sex- and gender-based research into global health frameworks is essential for achieving sustainable healthcare solutions. The summit’s initiatives support the Six Transitions framework, particularly in education, social protection, and digital connectivity. These efforts are crucial for ensuring that women’s health remains a priority in future global health agendas.

Women’s Unique Health Needs and the Sustainable Development Goals echoes the principles of the 2030 Agenda, particularly in their commitments to promote gender equality, health and wellbeing, and human rights. Their goal is to that women’s health is central to the design of global health goals. By challenging the scientific community to reframe how it thinks about sex differences research and women’s health, they are bringing to the forefront the importance of women’s health in achieving all of the SDGs. A broader approach to research and policy programs – one that includes goals to close the gender health gap – will ultimately elevate all human health, and position all individuals for more optimal health and wellness. When we improve women’s health, we improve health care for all.

Way Forward

To scale progress and address remaining challenges, the following steps are recommended:

Increase Investment: Advocate for gender-lens investing to prioritize funding for women-led initiatives in STEM and cleantech.

Targeted investment in women’s health will drive research, leading to improved health outcomes for women and advancing health and well-being. Investing in women’s health not only benefits women, but also bolsters their communities and economies, creating broader societal gains and empowering women to reach their full potential

Enhance Early STEM Education: Develop targeted educational programs to inspire interest and confidence in STEM subjects among girls from an early age.

Foster Global and Local Partnerships: Build networks connecting women researchers with mentors, funders, and peers worldwide to share resources and best practices.

Implement Accountability Measures: Enforce gender-responsive policies and ensure organizations adhere to diversity and inclusion standards.

Leverage Technology: Harness the potential of advanced technologies, such as AI and renewable energy innovations, to expand opportunities for women and address global challenges.

Skilled Personnel: Diversity in the scientific and healthcare workforce, including gender, race, geography, and training background, improves outcomes, especially for underserved populations. There needs to be increased investment in

Establish Partnerships and Collaborations: Positive change in women’s health requires global collaboration. Partnerships are essential for generating evidence, securing funding, scaling efforts, and promoting gender equality. Collaborations should span basic, clinical, and public health research, training, care, and policy, to ensure faster access to sustainable medical interventions and innovations for women.

By integrating these measures, stakeholders can unlock the full potential of women in STEM, driving innovation and ensuring a sustainable future for all. This collaborative and inclusive approach aligns with global aspirations to create equitable societies and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.

Additionally, prioritizing women’s health and supporting female scientists and health professionals, we contribute to achieving global health goals, promoting gender equity, and ensuring that half of the world’s population receives the attention and resources they deserve. Addressing the unique health needs women also creates positive ripple effect across entire communities and society. A broader approach to research and policy programs – one that includes goals to close the gender health gap – will ultimately elevate all human health, and position women for more optimal health and wellness.